Renal Essentials Feline supports kidney health and function in cats, especially in times of stress. These delicious bitesized chews help maintain normal kidney function by supporting renal circulation, immune and antioxidant defense system functions, homocysteine balance, normal fluid retention, stress management, liver functions, and normal detoxification. Astragalus root powder supports kidney circulation and immune function, while the Chinese Rehmannia supports kidney and liver function and is known as the "kidneys own food. Other ingredients like vitamins B1 and B2 support metabolic activity, including the metabolism of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates, supporting proper energy production.Helps maintain proper kidney function by supporting:+ Renal circulation+ Immune and antioxidant defense system functions+ Homocysteine balance+ Normal fluid retention+ Stress management+ Kidney and liver function+ Normal detoxificationDosage :Cats: Give 4 chews daily.Daily amount may be divided between AM & PM.More Product InformationAstragalus Root Powder is an adaptogen that supports immune function and kidney circulation.Rehmannia is a Chinese herb traditionally used as a blood tonic and to support urine flow. It is said to be the kidneys own food. It is an adaptogen that supports kidney circulation, as well as kidney and liver function.Nettle Leaf (Urtica dioica) Extract supports the immune system, circulation, normal detoxification functions, and balanced fluid retention.Cordyceps sinensis Extract is an adaptogen and antioxidant. It supports immune system function, energy production, removal of toxins, and kidney function.Vitamin B1 is an antioxidant that supports efficient kidney circulation and the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins for proper energy production.Vitamin B2 is found in the largest concentrations in the liver, kidney, and heart. It is an antioxidant that supports metabolic activity for optimal energy production and the removal of unwanted materials from the kidneys. The B vitamins together may help reduce oxalate problems in the kidney and decrease fluid retention. B vitamins are watersoluble and are not properly recycled in times of kidney dysfunction, and supplementation may be required.Folic Acid, DMG, Vitamin B2, Vitamin B12 and Vitamin B6 help to support circulation, methylation, and sulfuration pathways.Potassium is important for mineral balance and water absorption.Larginine is an amino acid that supports kidney function and circulation.Lecithin may help protect the kidneys from fatty build up.Choline and Inositol are phospholipids that support reduced fluid retention.DMG, EPA, and DHA support immune function, balance eicosanoid production, and support blood flow to the kidneys.